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Dek Regulatory System

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14 CFR 27

FAA · 262 provisions · 51 revisions · current 27-51 (11 Apr 2023)

Revisions (51)
RevisionEffective
27-01 Feb 1965
27-14 Jun 1967
27-225 Feb 1968
27-317 Oct 1968
27-427 Oct 1968
27-523 Apr 1971
27-611 Aug 1971
27-75 Nov 1971
27-823 Oct 1972
27-931 Oct 1974
27-105 Feb 1976
27-111 Feb 1977
27-122 May 1977
27-131 Sep 1977
27-141 Mar 1978
27-154 Dec 1978
27-161 Dec 1978
27-176 Mar 1980
27-1814 Oct 1980
27-192 Mar 1983
27-2026 Mar 1984
27-216 Dec 1984
27-2211 Oct 1988
27-233 Oct 1988
27-2418 Aug 1990
27-2513 Dec 1989
27-265 Apr 1990
27-2722 Oct 1990
27-2816 Sep 1991
27-2917 Oct 1994
27-302 Nov 1994
27-3128 Dec 1995
27-3211 Jun 1996
27-338 Aug 1996
27-3428 Nov 1997
27-3511 Sep 1998
27-365 Oct 1999
27-3718 Oct 1999
27-3825 Oct 1999
27-3921 Jan 2000
27-409 May 2001
27-425 Sep 2007
27-437 Apr 2008
27-4431 Mar 2008
27-455 Apr 2010
27-468 Aug 2011
27-4730 Jan 2012
27-4821 Mar 2017
27-495 Mar 2018
27-507 May 2018
27-5111 Apr 2023
General 2 sections
SectionTitleVersionsFirst / latest
§27.1Applicability.327-0 / 27-37
§27.2Special retroactive requirements.227-28 / 27-37
Flight 29 sections
SectionTitleVersionsFirst / latest
§27.21Proof of compliance.
General		227-0 / 27-21
§27.25Weight limits.
General		527-0 / 27-44
§27.27Center of gravity limits.
General		227-0 / 27-2
§27.29Empty weight and corresponding center of gravity.
General		227-0 / 27-14
§27.31Removable ballast.
General		127-0 / 27-0
§27.33Main rotor speed and pitch limits.
General		327-0 / 27-14
§27.45General.
Performance		327-0 / 27-21
§27.49Performance at minimum operating speed.
Performance		127-44 / 27-44
§27.51Takeoff.
Performance		227-0 / 27-44
§27.65Climb: All engines operating.
Performance		327-0 / 27-33
§27.67Climb: one engine inoperative.
Performance		327-0 / 27-23
§27.71Autorotation performance
Performance		227-21 / 27-44
§27.73Performance at minimum operating speed.
Performance		227-0 / 27-44 ✕ Deleted
§27.75Landing.
Performance		327-0 / 27-44
§27.79Limiting height--speed envelope.
Performance		227-0 / 27-21
§27.87Height-velocity envelope.
Performance		527-0 / 27-51
§27.141General.
Flight Characteristics		527-0 / 27-21
§27.143Controllability and maneuverability.
Flight Characteristics		527-0 / 27-44
§27.151Flight controls.
Flight Characteristics		127-21 / 27-21
§27.161Trim control.
Flight Characteristics		227-0 / 27-21
§27.171Stability: general.
Flight Characteristics		127-0 / 27-0
§27.173Static longitudinal stability.
Flight Characteristics		427-0 / 27-44
§27.175Demonstration of static longitudinal stability.
Flight Characteristics		727-0 / 27-44
§27.177Static directional stability.
Flight Characteristics		227-21 / 27-44
§27.231General.
Ground and Water Handling Characteristics		127-0 / 27-0
§27.235Taxiing condition.
Ground and Water Handling Characteristics		127-0 / 27-0
§27.239Spray characteristics.
Ground and Water Handling Characteristics		127-0 / 27-0
§27.241Ground resonance.
Ground and Water Handling Characteristics		127-0 / 27-0
§27.251Vibration.
Miscellaneous Flight Requirements		127-0 / 27-0
Strength Requirements 40 sections
SectionTitleVersionsFirst / latest
§27.301Loads.
General		127-0 / 27-0
§27.303Factor of safety.
General		127-0 / 27-0
§27.305Strength and deformation.
General		127-0 / 27-0
§27.307Proof of structure.
General		327-0 / 27-26
§27.309Design limitations.
General		127-0 / 27-0
§27.321General.
Flight Loads		227-0 / 27-11
§27.337Limit maneuvering load factor.
Flight Loads		227-0 / 27-26
§27.339Resultant limit maneuvering loads.
Flight Loads		227-0 / 27-11
§27.341Gust loads.
Flight Loads		127-0 / 27-0
§27.351Yawing conditions.
Flight Loads		227-26 / 27-34
§27.361Engine torque.
Flight Loads		227-0 / 27-23
§27.391General.
Control Surface and System Loads		327-0 / 27-34
§27.395Control system.
Control Surface and System Loads		227-0 / 27-26
§27.397Limit pilot forces and torques.
Control Surface and System Loads		327-0 / 27-40
§27.399Dual control system.
Control Surface and System Loads		127-0 / 27-0
§27.401Removed.327-0 / 27-27
§27.403Removed.227-0 / 27-27
§27.411Ground clearance: tail rotor guard.
Control Surface and System Loads		127-0 / 27-0
§27.413Removed227-0 / 27-27
§27.427Unsymmetrical loads.
Control Surface and System Loads		227-26 / 27-27
§27.471General.
Ground Loads		127-0 / 27-0
§27.473Ground loading conditions and assumptions.
Ground Loads		227-0 / 27-2
§27.475Tires and shock absorbers.
Ground Loads		127-0 / 27-0
§27.477Landing gear arrangement.
Ground Loads		127-0 / 27-0
§27.479Level landing conditions.
Ground Loads		127-0 / 27-0
§27.481Tail-down landing conditions.
Ground Loads		127-0 / 27-0
§27.483One-wheel landing conditions.
Ground Loads		127-0 / 27-0
§27.485Lateral drift landing conditions.
Ground Loads		127-0 / 27-0
§27.493Braked roll conditions.
Ground Loads		127-0 / 27-0
§27.497Ground loading conditions: landing gear with tail wheels.
Ground Loads		127-0 / 27-0
§27.501Ground loading conditions: landing gear with skids.
Ground Loads		327-0 / 27-26
§27.505Ski landing conditions.
Ground Loads		127-0 / 27-0
§27.521Float landing conditions.
Water Loads		127-0 / 27-0
§27.547Main rotor structure.
Main Component Requirements		227-0 / 27-3
§27.549Fuselage, landing gear, and rotor pylon structures.
Main Component Requirements		227-0 / 27-3
§27.561General.
Emergency Landing Conditions		427-0 / 27-32
§27.562(Emergency landing dynamic conditions.)
Emergency Landing Conditions		127-25 / 27-25
§27.563Structural ditching provisions.
Emergency Landing Conditions		227-11 / 27-26
§27.571Fatigue evaluation of flight structure.
Fatigue Evaluation		427-3 / 27-26
§27.573Damage Tolerance and Fatigue Evaluation of Composite Rotorcraft Structures.127-47 / 27-47
Design and Construction 62 sections
SectionTitleVersionsFirst / latest
§27.601Design.
General		127-0 / 27-0
§27.602Critical parts.
General		127-38 / 27-38
§27.603Materials.
General		327-0 / 27-16
§27.605Fabrication methods.
General		227-0 / 27-16
§27.607Fasteners.
General		227-0 / 27-4
§27.609Protection of structure.
General		127-0 / 27-0
§27.610Lightning and static electricity protection.
General		327-21 / 27-46
§27.611Inspection provisions.
General		127-0 / 27-0
§27.613Material strength properties and design values.
General		327-0 / 27-26
§27.619Special factors.
General		127-0 / 27-0
§27.621Casting factors.
General		227-0 / 27-34
§27.623Bearing factors.
General		127-0 / 27-0
§27.625Fitting factors.
General		227-0 / 27-35
§27.629Flutter.
General		227-0 / 27-26
§27.653Pressure venting and drainage of rotor blades.
Rotors		227-0 / 27-2
§27.659Mass balance.
Rotors		227-0 / 27-2
§27.661Rotor blade clearance.
Rotors		227-0 / 27-2
§27.663Ground resonance prevention means.
Rotors		227-2 / 27-26
§27.671General.
Control Systems		127-0 / 27-0
§27.672Stability augmentation, automatic, and power-operated systems.
Control Systems		127-21 / 27-21
§27.673Primary flight control.
Control Systems		127-21 / 27-21
§27.674Interconnected controls.
Control Systems		127-26 / 27-26
§27.675Stops.
Control Systems		227-0 / 27-16
§27.679Control system locks.
Control Systems		127-0 / 27-0
§27.681Limit load static tests.
Control Systems		127-0 / 27-0
§27.683Operation tests.
Control Systems		127-0 / 27-0
§27.685Control system details.
Control Systems		427-0 / 27-49
§27.687Spring devices.
Control Systems		127-0 / 27-0
§27.691Autorotation control mechanism.
Control Systems		127-0 / 27-0
§27.695Power boost and power-operated control system.
Control Systems		127-0 / 27-0
§27.723Shock absorption tests.
Landing Gear		127-0 / 27-0
§27.725Limit drop test.
Landing Gear		127-0 / 27-0
§27.727Reserve energy absorption drop test.
Landing Gear		227-0 / 27-26
§27.729Retracting mechanism.
Landing Gear		127-21 / 27-21
§27.731Wheels.
Landing Gear		127-0 / 27-0
§27.733Tires.
Landing Gear		227-0 / 27-11
§27.735Brakes.
Landing Gear		227-0 / 27-21
§27.737Skis.
Landing Gear		127-0 / 27-0
§27.751Main float buoyancy.
Floats and Hulls		227-0 / 27-2
§27.753Main float design.
Floats and Hulls		127-0 / 27-0
§27.755Hulls.
Floats and Hulls		127-0 / 27-0
§27.771Pilot compartment.
Personnel and Cargo Accommodations		127-0 / 27-0
§27.773Pilot compartment view.
Personnel and Cargo Accommodations		327-0 / 27-50
§27.775Windshields and windows.
Personnel and Cargo Accommodations		227-0 / 27-27
§27.777Cockpit controls.
Personnel and Cargo Accommodations		127-0 / 27-0
§27.779Motion and effect of cockpit controls.
Personnel and Cargo Accommodations		127-21 / 27-21
§27.783Doors.
Personnel and Cargo Accommodations		227-0 / 27-26
§27.785Seats, berths, [litters,] safety belts, and harnesses.
Personnel and Cargo Accommodations		427-0 / 27-35
§27.787Cargo and baggage compartments.
Personnel and Cargo Accommodations		327-0 / 27-27
§27.801Ditching.
Personnel and Cargo Accommodations		127-11 / 27-11
§27.805Flight crew emergency exits.
Personnel and Cargo Accommodations		127-37 / 27-37
§27.807Emergency exits.
Personnel and Cargo Accommodations		627-0 / 27-37
§27.831Ventilation.
Personnel and Cargo Accommodations		127-0 / 27-0
§27.833Heaters.
Personnel and Cargo Accommodations		127-23 / 27-23
§27.853Compartment interiors.
Fire Protection		327-0 / 27-37
§27.855Cargo and baggage compartments.
Fire Protection		127-0 / 27-0
§27.859Heating systems.
Fire Protection		327-0 / 27-23
§27.861Fire protection of structure, controls, and other parts.
Fire Protection		227-0 / 27-26
§27.863Flammable fluid fire protection.
Fire Protection		127-16 / 27-16
§27.865External Loads.
External Loads		327-11 / 27-36
§27.871Leveling marks.
Miscellaneous		127-0 / 27-0
§27.873Ballast provisions.
Miscellaneous		127-0 / 27-0
Powerplant 58 sections
SectionTitleVersionsFirst / latest
§27.901Installation.
General		427-0 / 27-23
§27.903Engines.
General		627-0 / 27-51
§27.907Engine vibration.
General		127-0 / 27-0
§27.917Design.
Rotor Drive System		227-0 / 27-11
§27.921Rotor brake.
Rotor Drive System		127-0 / 27-0
§27.923Rotor drive system and control mechanism tests.
Rotor Drive System		527-0 / 27-29
§27.927Additional tests.
Rotor Drive System		427-0 / 27-23
§27.931Shafting critical speed.
Rotor Drive System		127-0 / 27-0
§27.935Shafting joints.
Rotor Drive System		127-0 / 27-0
§27.939Turbine engine operating characteristics.
Rotor Drive System		227-1 / 27-11
§27.951General.
Fuel System		227-0 / 27-9
§27.952Fuel system crash resistance.
Fuel System		127-30 / 27-30
§27.953Fuel system independence.
Fuel System		127-0 / 27-0
§27.954Fuel system lightning protection.
Fuel System		127-23 / 27-23
§27.955Fuel flow.
Fuel System		327-0 / 27-23
§27.959Unusable fuel supply.
Fuel System		127-0 / 27-0
§27.961Fuel system hot weather operation.
Fuel System		227-0 / 27-23
§27.963Fuel tanks: general.
Fuel System		327-0 / 27-30
§27.965Fuel tank tests.
Fuel System		227-0 / 27-12
§27.967Fuel tank installation.
Fuel System		127-30 / 27-30
§27.969Fuel tank expansion space.
Fuel System		227-0 / 27-23
§27.971Fuel tank sump.
Fuel System		227-0 / 27-23
§27.973Fuel tank filler connection.
Fuel System		227-0 / 27-30
§27.975Fuel tank vents.
Fuel System		427-0 / 27-35
§27.977Fuel tank outlet.
Fuel System		227-0 / 27-11
§27.991Fuel pumps.
Fuel System Components		327-0 / 27-23
§27.993Fuel system lines and fittings.
Fuel System Components		227-0 / 27-2
§27.995Fuel valves.
Fuel System Components		127-0 / 27-0
§27.997Fuel strainer or filter.
Fuel System Components		427-0 / 27-23
§27.999Fuel system drains.
Fuel System Components		327-0 / 27-23
§27.1011[Engines:] general.
Oil System		227-0 / 27-23
§27.1013Oil tanks.
Oil System		227-0 / 27-9
§27.1015Oil tank tests.
Oil System		127-9 / 27-9
§27.1017Oil lines and fittings.
Oil System		127-0 / 27-0
§27.1019Oil strainer or filter.
Oil System		427-0 / 27-23
§27.1021Oil system drains.
Oil System		227-0 / 27-20
§27.1027Transmissions and gearboxes: General.
Oil System		227-23 / 27-37
§27.1041General.
Cooling		327-0 / 27-23
§27.1043Cooling tests.
Cooling		327-0 / 27-14
§27.1045Cooling test procedures.
Cooling		227-0 / 27-23
§27.1091Air induction.
Induction System		327-0 / 27-23
§27.1093Induction system icing protection.
Induction System		627-0 / 27-23
§27.1121General.
Exhaust System		227-0 / 27-12
§27.1123Exhaust piping.
Exhaust System		127-11 / 27-11
§27.1141Powerplant controls: general.
Powerplant Controls and Accessories		427-0 / 27-33
§27.1143Engine controls.
Powerplant Controls and Acce?ssories		427-0 / 27-29
§27.1145Ignition switches.
Powerplant Controls and Accessories		227-0 / 27-12
§27.1147Mixture controls.
Powerplant Controls and Accessories		127-0 / 27-0
§27.1151Rotor brake controls.
Powerplant Controls and Accessories		127-33 / 27-33
§27.1163Powerplant accessories.
Powerplant Controls and Accessories		427-0 / 27-23
§27.1183Lines, fittings, and components.
Powerplant Fire Protection		427-0 / 27-20
§27.1185Flammable fluids.
Powerplant Fire Protection		427-0 / 27-37
§27.1187Ventilation [and drainage.]
Powerplant Fire Protection		227-0 / 27-37
§27.1189Shutoff means.
Powerplant Fire Protection		427-0 / 27-23
§27.1191Firewalls.
Powerplant Fire Protection		227-0 / 27-2
§27.1193Cowling and engine compartment covering.
Powerplant Fire Protection		227-0 / 27-23
§27.1194Other surfaces.
Powerplant Fire Protection		127-2 / 27-2
§27.1195Fire detector systems.
Powerplant Fire Protection		127-5 / 27-5
Equipment 40 sections
SectionTitleVersionsFirst / latest
§27.1301Function and installation.
General		127-0 / 27-0
§27.1303Flight and navigation instruments.
General		127-0 / 27-0
§27.1305Powerplant instruments.
General		627-0 / 27-51
§27.1307Miscellaneous equipment.
General		127-0 / 27-0
§27.1309Equipment, systems, and installations.
General		427-0 / 27-51
§27.1316Electrical and electronic system lightning protection.127-46 / 27-46
§27.1317High-Intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF) Protection
High-Intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF) Protection		127-42 / 27-42
§27.1321Arrangement and visability.
Instruments: Installation		227-0 / 27-13
§27.1322Warning, caution, and advisory lights.
Instruments: Installation		227-2 / 27-11
§27.1323Airspeed indicating system.
Instruments: Installation		327-0 / 27-13
§27.1325Static pressure systems.
Instruments: Installation		227-0 / 27-13
§27.1327Magnetic direction indicator.
Instruments: Installation		227-0 / 27-13
§27.1329Automatic pilot system.
Instruments: Installation		327-21 / 27-51
§27.1335Flight director systems.
Instruments: Installation		127-13 / 27-13
§27.1337Powerplant instruments.
Instruments: Installation		427-0 / 27-37
§27.1351General.
Electrical Systems and Equipment		327-0 / 27-13
§27.1353Storage battery design and installation.
Electrical Systems and Equipment		427-0 / 27-51
§27.1357Circuit protective devices.
Electrical Systems and Equipment		227-0 / 27-13
§27.1361Master switch.
Electrical Systems and Equipment		127-0 / 27-0
§27.1365Electric cables.
Electrical Systems and Equipment		227-0 / 27-35
§27.1367Switches.
Electrical Systems and Equipment		127-0 / 27-0
§27.1381Instrument lights.
Lights		127-0 / 27-0
§27.1383Landing lights.
Lights		127-0 / 27-0
§27.1385Position light system installation.
Lights		127-0 / 27-0
§27.1387Position light system dihedral angles.
Lights		227-0 / 27-7
§27.1389Position light distribution and intensities.
Lights		127-0 / 27-0
§27.1391Minimum intensities in the horizontal plane of forward and rear position lights.
Lights		127-0 / 27-0
§27.1393Minimum intensities in any vertical plane of forward and rear position lights.
Lights		127-0 / 27-0
§27.1395Maximum intensities in overlapping beams of forward and rear position lights.
Lights		127-0 / 27-0
§27.1397Color specifications.
Lights		227-0 / 27-6
§27.1399Riding light.
Lights		227-0 / 27-2
§27.1401Anticollision light system.
Lights		327-0 / 27-10
§27.1411General.
Safety Equipment		227-0 / 27-11
§27.1413Safety belts.
Safety Equipment		327-0 / 27-21
§27.1415Ditching equipment.
Safety Equipment		227-0 / 27-11
§27.1419Ice protection.
Safety Equipment		127-19 / 27-19
§27.1435Hydraulic systems.
Safety Equipment		127-0 / 27-0
§27.1457Cockpit voice recorders.
Safety Equipment		327-22 / 27-45
§27.1459Flight recorders.
Safety Equipment		327-22 / 27-45
§27.1461Equipment containing high energy rotors.
Safety Equipment		127-2 / 27-2
Operating Limitations and Information 27 sections
SectionTitleVersionsFirst / latest
§27.1501General.327-0 / 27-14
§27.1503Airspeed limitations: general.
Operating Limitations		127-0 / 27-0
§27.1505Never-exceed speed.
Operating Limitations		427-0 / 27-21
§27.1509Rotor speed.
Operating Limitations		127-0 / 27-0
§27.1519Weight and center of gravity.
Operating Limitations		327-0 / 27-21
§27.1521Powerplant limitations.
Operating Limitations		427-0 / 27-29
§27.1523Minimum flight crew.
Operating Limitations		127-0 / 27-0
§27.1525Kinds of operation.
Operating Limitations		227-0 / 27-21
§27.1527Maximum operating altitude.
Operating Limitations		127-14 / 27-14
§27.1529Instructions for Continued Airworthiness.
Operating Limitations		327-0 / 27-18
§27.1541General.
Markings and Placards		127-0 / 27-0
§27.1543Instrument markings: general.
Markings and Placards		127-0 / 27-0
§27.1545Airspeed indicator.
Markings and Placards		427-0 / 27-51
§27.1547Magnetic direction indicator.
Markings and Placards		227-0 / 27-13
§27.1549Powerplant instruments.
Markings and Placards		527-0 / 27-51
§27.1551Oil quantity indicator.
Markings and Placards		127-0 / 27-0
§27.1553Fuel quantity indicator.
Markings and Placards		127-0 / 27-0
§27.1555Control markings.
Markings and Placards		427-0 / 27-51
§27.1557Miscellaneous markings and placards.
Markings and Placards		227-0 / 27-11
§27.1559Limitations placard.
Markings and Placards		427-0 / 27-21
§27.1561Safety equipment.
Markings and Placards		127-0 / 27-0
§27.1565Tail rotor.
Markings and Placards		227-0 / 27-2
§27.1581General.
Rotorcraft Flight Manual and Approved Manual Material		327-0 / 27-14
§27.1583Operating limitations.
Rotorcraft Flight Manual and Approved Manual Material		427-0 / 27-16
§27.1585Operating Procedures.
Rotorcraft Flight Manual and Approved Manual Material		527-0 / 27-21
§27.1587Performance information.
Rotorcraft Flight Manual and Approved Manual Material		527-0 / 27-51
§27.1589Loading information.
Rotorcraft Flight Manual and Approved Manual Material		127-0 / 27-0
Appendix 4 sections
SectionTitleVersionsFirst / latest
14 CFR 27 A27Instructions for Continued Airworthiness327-18 / 27-47
14 CFR 27 B27Airworthiness Criteria for Helicopter Instrument Flight427-19 / 27-51
14 CFR 27 C27Criteria for Category A227-33 / 27-51
14 CFR 27 D27HIRF Environments and Equipment HIRF Test Levels127-42 / 27-42
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