CS-27: Certification Specifications for Small Rotorcraft
EASA · 265 provisions · 11 revisions · current CS27-10 (8 Feb 2023)
Revisions (11)
| Revision | Effective |
| CS27-0 | 14 Nov 2003 |
| CS27-1 | 30 Nov 2007 |
| CS27-2 | 17 Nov 2008 |
| CS27-3 | 18 Dec 2012 |
| CS27-4 | 2 Dec 2016 |
| CS27-5 | 26 Jun 2018 |
| CS27-6 | 18 Dec 2018 |
| CS27-7 | 2 Jul 2020 |
| CS27-8 | 17 Jun 2021 |
| CS27-9 | 18 Dec 2021 |
| CS27-10 | 8 Feb 2023 |
| Section | Title | Versions | First / latest |
| §27.1 | Applicability | 2 | CS27-0 / CS27-4 |
| §27.2 | Special Retroactive Requirements | 3 | CS27-0 / CS27-10 |
| CS-27 C27 | Criteria for Category A | 7 | CS27-0 / CS27-10 |
| Section | Title | Versions | First / latest |
| §27.21 | Proof of compliance | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.25 | Weight limits | 3 | CS27-0 / CS27-10 |
| §27.27 | Centre of gravity limits | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.29 | Empty weight and corresponding centre of gravity | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.31 | Removable ballast | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.33 | Main rotor speed and pitch limits | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.45 | General | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.49 | Performance at minimum operating speed | 1 | CS27-1 / CS27-1 |
| §27.51 | Take-off | 2 | CS27-0 / CS27-1 |
| §27.65 | Climb: all-engines-operating | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.67 | Climb: one-engine-inoperative | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.71 | Glide performance | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.73 | Performance at minimum operating speed | 2 | CS27-0 / CS27-1 ✕ Deleted |
| §27.75 | Landing | 2 | CS27-0 / CS27-1 |
| §27.79 | Limiting height-speed envelope | 2 | CS27-0 / CS27-1 |
| §27.141 | General | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.143 | Controllability and manoeuvrability | 2 | CS27-0 / CS27-1 |
| §27.151 | Flight controls | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.161 | Trim control | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.171 | Stability: general | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.173 | Static longitudinal stability | 2 | CS27-0 / CS27-1 |
| §27.175 | Demonstration of static longitudinal stability | 2 | CS27-0 / CS27-1 |
| §27.177 | Static directional stability | 3 | CS27-0 / CS27-10 |
| §27.231 | General | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.235 | Taxying condition | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.239 | Spray characteristics | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.241 | Ground resonance | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.251 | Vibration | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| CS-27 B27 | Airworthiness Criteria for Helicopter Instrument Flight | 3 | CS27-0 / CS27-10 |
| Section | Title | Versions | First / latest |
| §27.301 | Loads | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.303 | Factor of safety | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.305 | Strength and deformation | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.307 | Proof of structure | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.309 | Design limitations | 2 | CS27-0 / CS27-10 |
| §27.321 | General | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.337 | Limit manoeuvring load factor | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.339 | Resultant limit manoeuvring loads | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.341 | Gust loads | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.351 | Yawing conditions | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.361 | Engine torque | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.391 | General | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.395 | Control system | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.397 | Limit pilot forces and torques | 2 | CS27-0 / CS27-10 |
| §27.399 | Dual control system | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.411 | Ground clearance: tail rotor guard | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.427 | Unsymmetrical loads | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.471 | General | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.473 | Ground loading conditions and assumptions | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.475 | Tyres and shock absorbers | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.477 | Landing gear arrangement | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.479 | Level landing conditions | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.481 | Tail-down landing conditions | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.483 | One-wheel landing conditions | 2 | CS27-0 / CS27-10 |
| §27.485 | Lateral drift landing conditions | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.493 | Braked roll conditions | 2 | CS27-0 / CS27-10 |
| §27.497 | Ground loading conditions: landing gear with tail wheels | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.501 | Ground loading conditions: landing gear with skids | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.505 | Ski landing conditions | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.521 | Float landing conditions | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.547 | Main rotor structure | 3 | CS27-0 / CS27-10 |
| §27.549 | Fuselage, landing gear, and rotor pylon structures | 3 | CS27-0 / CS27-10 |
| §27.561 | General | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.562 | Emergency landing dynamic conditions | 2 | CS27-0 / CS27-10 |
| §27.571 | Fatigue evaluation of flight structure | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.573 | Damage Tolerance and Fatigue Evaluation of Composite | 2 | CS27-3 / CS27-10 |
| Section | Title | Versions | First / latest |
| §27.563 | Structural ditching and emergency flotation provisions | 2 | CS27-0 / CS27-5 |
| Section | Title | Versions | First / latest |
| §27.601 | Design | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.602 | Critical parts | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.603 | Materials | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.605 | Fabrication methods | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.607 | Fasteners | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.609 | Protection of structure | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.610 | Lightning and static electricity protection | 2 | CS27-0 / CS27-4 |
| §27.611 | Inspection provisions | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.613 | Material strength properties and design values | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.619 | Special factors | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.623 | Bearing factors | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.625 | Fitting factors | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.629 | Flutter | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.631 | Bird strike | 1 | CS27-9 / CS27-9 |
| §27.653 | Pressure venting and drainage of rotor blades | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.659 | Mass balance | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.661 | Rotor blade clearance | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.663 | Ground resonance prevention means | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.671 | General | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.672 | Stability augmentation, automatic, and power-operated systems | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.673 | Primary flight control | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.674 | Interconnected controls | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.675 | Stops | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.679 | Control system locks | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.681 | Limit load static tests | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.683 | Operation tests | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.685 | Control system details | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.687 | Spring devices | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.691 | Autorotation control mechanism | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.695 | Power boost and power- operated control system | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.723 | Shock absorption tests | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.725 | Limit drop test | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.727 | Reserve energy absorption drop test | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.729 | Retracting mechanism | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.731 | Wheels | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.733 | Tyres | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.735 | Brakes | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.737 | Skis | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.751 | Main float buoyancy | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.753 | Main float design | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.755 | Hulls | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.771 | Pilot compartment | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.773 | Pilot compartment view | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.775 | Windshields and windows | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.777 | Cockpit controls | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.779 | Motion and effect of cockpit controls | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.783 | Doors | 2 | CS27-0 / CS27-5 |
| §27.785 | Seats, berths, safety belts, and harnesses | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.787 | Cargo and baggage compartments | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.801 | Ditching | 2 | CS27-0 / CS27-5 |
| §27.802 | Emergency Flotation | 1 | CS27-5 / CS27-5 |
| §27.831 | Ventilation | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.833 | Heaters | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.853 | Compartment interiors | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.855 | Cargo and baggage compartments | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.859 | Heating systems | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.861 | Fire protection of structure, controls, and other parts | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.863 | Flammable fluid fire protection | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.871 | Levelling marks | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.873 | Ballast provisions | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| Section | Title | Versions | First / latest |
| §27.621 | Casting factors | 2 | CS27-0 / CS27-10 |
| §27.805 | Flight crew emergency exits | 3 | CS27-0 / CS27-10 |
| §27.807 | Passenger emergency exits | 3 | CS27-0 / CS27-10 |
| §27.865 | External loads | 4 | CS27-0 / CS27-10 |
| Section | Title | Versions | First / latest |
| §27.901 | Installation | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.903 | Engines | 2 | CS27-0 / CS27-1 |
| §27.907 | Engine vibration | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.917 | Design | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.921 | Rotor brake | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.923 | Rotor drive system and control mechanism tests | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.927 | Additional tests | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.931 | Shafting critical speed | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.935 | Shafting joints | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.939 | Turbine engine operating characteristics | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.951 | General | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.952 | Fuel system crash resistance | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.953 | Fuel system independence | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.954 | Fuel system lightning protection | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.955 | Fuel flow | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.959 | Unusable fuel supply | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.961 | Fuel system hot weather operation | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.963 | Fuel tanks: general | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.965 | Fuel tank tests | 3 | CS27-0 / CS27-10 |
| §27.967 | Fuel tank installation | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.969 | Fuel tank expansion space | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.971 | Fuel tank sump | 2 | CS27-0 / CS27-10 |
| §27.973 | Fuel tank filler connection | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.975 | Fuel tank vents | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.977 | Fuel tank outlet | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.991 | Fuel pumps | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.993 | Fuel system lines and fittings | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.995 | Fuel valves | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.997 | Fuel strainer or filter | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.999 | Fuel system drains | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1011 | Engines: general | 2 | CS27-0 / CS27-10 |
| §27.1013 | Oil tanks | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1015 | Oil tank tests | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1017 | Oil lines and fittings | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1019 | Oil strainer or filter | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1021 | Oil system drains | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1027 | Transmissions and gearboxes: general | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1041 | General | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1043 | Cooling tests | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1045 | Cooling test procedures | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1091 | Air induction | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1093 | Induction system icing protection | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1121 | General | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1123 | Exhaust piping | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1141 | Powerplant controls: general | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1143 | Engine controls | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1145 | Ignition switches | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1147 | Mixture controls | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1151 | Rotor brake controls | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1163 | Powerplant accessories | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1183 | Lines, fittings, and components | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1185 | Flammable fluids | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1187 | Ventilation and drainage | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1189 | Shut-off means | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1191 | Firewalls | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1193 | Cowling and engine compartment covering | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1194 | Other surfaces | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1195 | Fire detector systems | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| Section | Title | Versions | First / latest |
| §27.1301 | Function and installation | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1302 | Installed systems and equipment for use by the crew members | 1 | CS27-8 / CS27-8 |
| §27.1303 | Flight and navigation instruments | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1305 | Powerplant instruments | 4 | CS27-0 / CS27-10 |
| §27.1307 | Miscellaneous equipment | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1309 | Equipment, systems, and installations | 3 | CS27-0 / CS27-10 |
| §27.1316 | Electrical and electronic system lightning protection | 1 | CS27-4 / CS27-4 |
| §27.1317 | High-Intensity Radiated | 1 | CS27-4 / CS27-4 |
| §27.1319 | Equipment, systems and network information security protection | 1 | CS27-7 / CS27-7 |
| §27.1321 | Arrangement and visibility | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1322 | Warning, caution, and advisory lights | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1323 | Airspeed indicating system | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1325 | Static pressure systems | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1327 | Magnetic direction indicator | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1329 | Automatic pilot system | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1335 | Flight director systems | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1337 | Powerplant instruments | 2 | CS27-0 / CS27-9 |
| §27.1351 | General | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1353 | Storage battery design and installation | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1357 | Circuit protective devices | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1361 | Master switch | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1365 | Electric cables | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1367 | Switches | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1381 | Instrument lights | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1383 | Landing lights | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1385 | Position light system installation | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1387 | Position light system dihedral angles | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1389 | Position light distribution and intensities | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1391 | Minimum intensities in the horizontal plane of forward and rear position lights | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1393 | Minimum intensities in any vertical plane of forward and rear position lights | 2 | CS27-0 / CS27-10 |
| §27.1395 | Maximum intensities in overlapping beams of forward and rear position lights | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1397 | Colour specifications | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1399 | Riding light | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1401 | Anti-collision light system | 2 | CS27-0 / CS27-10 |
| §27.1411 | General | 3 | CS27-0 / CS27-10 |
| §27.1413 | Safety belts | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1415 | Ditching equipment | 3 | CS27-0 / CS27-10 |
| §27.1419 | Ice protection | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1435 | Hydraulic systems | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1457 | Cockpit voice recorders | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1458 | Lightweight flight recorder | 1 | CS27-10 / CS27-10 |
| §27.1459 | Flight recorders | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1461 | Equipment containing high energy rotors | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1470 | Emergency locator transmitter | 1 | CS27-5 / CS27-5 |
| CS-27 D27 | HIRF Environments and Equipment HIRF Test Levels | 2 | CS27-4 / CS27-10 |
| Section | Title | Versions | First / latest |
| §27.1501 | General | 2 | CS27-0 / CS27-4 |
| §27.1503 | Airspeed limitations: general | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1519 | Weight and centre of gravity | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1521 | Powerplant limitations | 2 | CS27-0 / CS27-3 |
| §27.1523 | Minimum flight crew | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1525 | Kinds of operations | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1527 | Maximum operating altitude | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1529 | Instructions for Continued | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1541 | General | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1543 | Instrument markings: general | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1547 | Magnetic direction indicator | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1551 | Oil quantity indicator | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1553 | Fuel quantity indicator | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1557 | Miscellaneous markings and placards | 2 | CS27-0 / CS27-5 |
| §27.1559 | Limitations placard | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1561 | Safety equipment | 2 | CS27-0 / CS27-5 |
| §27.1565 | Tail rotor | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1581 | General | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1583 | Operating limitations | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1585 | Operating procedures | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| §27.1587 | Performance information | 3 | CS27-0 / CS27-5 |
| §27.1589 | Loading information | 1 | CS27-0 / CS27-0 |
| Section | Title | Versions | First / latest |
| §27.1505 | Never-exceed speed | 2 | CS27-0 / CS27-10 |
| Section | Title | Versions | First / latest |
| §27.1509 | Rotor speed | 2 | CS27-0 / CS27-10 |
| §27.1545 | Airspeed indicator | 2 | CS27-0 / CS27-10 |
| §27.1549 | Powerplant instruments | 2 | CS27-0 / CS27-10 |
| §27.1555 | Control markings | 3 | CS27-0 / CS27-10 |
| §27.1593 | Exposure to volcanic cloud hazards | 2 | CS27-4 / CS27-10 |
| CS-27 A27 | Instructions for Continued Airworthiness | 5 | CS27-0 / CS27-10 |