§23.49 Stalling speed.

(a) VSO (maximum landing flap configuration) and VS1 are the stalling speeds or the minimum steady flight speeds, in knots (CAS), at which the airplane is controllable with-- (1) For reciprocating engine-powered airplanes, the engine(s) idling, the throttle(s) closed or at not more than the power necessary for zero thrust at a speed not more than 110 percent of the stalling speed; (2) For turbine engine-powered airplanes, the propulsive thrust not greater than zero at the stalling speed, or, if the resultant thrust has no appreciable effect on the stalling speed, with engine(s) idling and throttle(s) closed; (3) The propeller(s) in the takeoff position; (4) The airplane in the condition existing in the test, in which and are being used; (5) The center of gravity in the position that results in the highest value of and ; and (6) The weight used when or are being used as a factor to determine compliance with a required performance standard. (b) and must be determined by flight tests, using the procedure and meeting the flight characteristics specified in Sec. 23.201. (c) Except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, VSO at maximum weight may not exceed 61 knots for-- (1) Single-engine airplanes; and (2) Multiengine airplanes of 6,000 pounds or less maximum weight that cannot meet the minimum rate of climb specified in Sec. 23.67(a)(1) with the critical engine inoperative. (d) All single-engine airplanes, and those multi-engine airplanes of 6,000 pounds or less maximum weight with a of more than 61 knots that do not meet the requirements of Sec. 23.67(a)(1), must comply with Sec. 23.562(d). -