§3.124 Spinning—.

(a) Category N. All airplanes of 4,000 lbs. or less maximum weight shall recover from a one-turn spin with the controls applied normally for recovery in not more than one additional turn and without exceeding either the limiting air speed or the limit positive maneuvering load factor for the airplane. In addition, there shall be no excessive back pressure either during the spin or in the recovery. It shall not be possible to obtain uncontrollable spins by means of any possible use of the controls. Compliance with these requirements shall be demonstrated at any permissible combination of weight and center of gravity positions obtainable with all or any part of the designed useful load. All airplanes in category N, regardless of weight, shall be placarded against spins or demonstrated to be “characteristically incapable of spinning” in which case they shall be so designated. (See paragraph (d) of this section.) (b) Category U. Airplanes in this category shall comply with either the entire requirements of paragraph (a) of this section or the entire requirements of paragraph (c) of this section. [(c) Category A. All airplanes in this category shall be capable of spinning and shall comply with the following: (1) At any permissible combination of weight and center of gravity position obtainable with all or part of the design useful load, the airplane shall recover from a six-turn spin, or from any point in a six-turn spin, in not more than 1 « additional turns after the application of the controls in the manner normally used for recovery. (2) It shall be possible to recover from the maneuver prescribed in subparagraph (1) of this paragraph without exceeding either the limiting air speed or the limit positive maneuvering load factor of the airplane. ble use of the controls. (3) It shall not be possible to obtain uncontrollable spins by means of any possible use of the controls. (4) A placard shall be placed in the cockpit of the airplane setting forth the use of the controls required for recovery from spinning maneuvers. ] (d) Category NU. When it is desired to designate an airplane as a type "characteristically incapable of spinning," the flight tests to demonstrate this characteristic shall also be conducted with: (1) A maximum weight 5 percent in excess of the weight for which approval is desired, (2) A center of gravity at least 3 percent aft of the rearmost position for which approvals is desired, (3) An available up-elevator travel 4 degrees in excess of that to which the elevator travel is to be limited by appropriate stops. (4) An available rudder travel 7 degrees, in both directions, in excess of that to which the rudder travel is to be limited by appropriate stops. GROUND AND WATER CHARACTERISTICS